Temporary binder



(No Model H. E. DADE. TEMPORARY BINDER.

v No 592,082. Patented 0 1;. 19,1897.

a IQ- 'NITED, STATES PATENT it Fries.

TEMPORARY BINDER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 592,082, dated October19,1897. Application filed'December 7, 1896. Serial No. 614,713. (Nomodel.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HARRY E. DADE, a citizen of the United States,residing in Newburg, county of Orange, and State of New York, haveinvented Improvements in'Temporary Binders, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to binders of that class wherein apertured sheetsare threaded on posts and locked securely in place, provision being madefor the addition of sheets or the removal of-sheets from time to time,as may be required;

The object of the'invention is to provide a simple, efficient, andconvenient device of the kind referred to.

The invention consists of the construction hereinafter set forth.

In the drawings forming part of this specification, and in which likeletters of refer ence designate correspondingparts man the views, Figure1 is a plan 'view of a complete binder embodying my invention, partlybroken away. a Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional elevation of the postsand locking devices separated from the cover and taken on a broken line,as 2 2, Fig.1. F ig. 3 is a plan view of Fig. 2, with a piece whichforms a casing unfolded. Figs. 4,5, and 6 are plan views of thebase-plate to which the posts are "affixed, the posts being sectioned onthe lines 4 4, 5 5, and 6 6, respectively, of Fig. 2.

In the best form of the invention the covers A and B are employed,having hinged end pieces a and b, respectively. Sheets. of paper orother fabric 0 are provided with apertures and threaded on the posts andheld between the covers. The piece I) is mainly composed of a base-plateD, having a pair of posts 01 d rigidly fixed to it. The piece a ismainly composed of a piece E, generally of sheet metal, and formed intoa casing having a top 6 The length of the casing maybe coincident withthe length of the piece E, or it may be formed of the middle portiononly of this piece,-as shown in Fig. 2. In the latter case the piece Ewould be cut in the form shown in Fig. 3. The casing has apertures c cfor the posts through the top and bottom, and blocks 0 are fixed betweenthe top and bottom and abutting the apertures c c, the blocks serving togive rigidity to the casing and afford solid supports for the posts Whenpressed outward by the toggle hereinafter de- 5 scribed. These blockshave preferably small extensions e to afford guideways for thetoggle-arms and keep them in place especially when the toggle is slippedentirely off the posts. Within the casing is inclosed a toggle F, whichis arranged to be thrown into and out of engagement with theposts bymoving its pintle f transversely in the casing, the casing carrying orproviding means to limit this transverse movement of the toggle. Whenthe toggle is moved out of engaging position,- the edge of the'casinggenerally limits its movement, and when the toggle is moved intoengaging position a pin g, fixed in the easing, generally limits itsmovement. Other means to limit the transverse movement of the toggles,however, may be used. For the purpose ,of conveniently actuating thetoggle I provide a removable actuating handpiece G, extending through atransverse slot h into engagement with the pintle f, the stem of thehandpiece being generally threaded and. screwed into an aperture f inthe pintle. This aperture f may, as shown, extend all the way throughthe pintle, so that when the clutching-arms are in engaging position thehandpiece G may be screwed down into engagement with an apertureh in thebottom of the casing, so as to lock the arms in this position, or I mayreplace the handpiece G with a small screw passing through the aperturef and into aperture h to lock the toggle in engagement with the posts.In the best form of the invention the toggle is arranged to pass thedead-center line, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3, when in its normalengaging position.

In constructing the binders shown in the drawings I have found thatwhenthe toggle is fitted to engage the posts 01 d along their middleportions with sufficient secureness it generally is unable to grip theposts at their tops with sufficient secureness and generally cannot bethrown into engaging position at the bottoms ofthe posts, so as toclutch them, or at least without the use of great force. The result ofthis is that in the one case the binder cannot safely be entirely filledwith sheets because the toggle is liable to slip off the posts, and inthe other case the binder cannot be conveniently used with a very fewsheets. I have discovered that these defects may be overcome in a verysimple manner by making certain changes in the posts. These posts aregenerally substantially eylindrical and the apertures c o are circularand a little larger in diameter than the posts. \Vhen the toggle isextended so as to engage the posts, say somewhere along their middle,

then the posts yield to the outward pressure by bending and so spreadapart a very small fraction of an inch and are forced against the outersides of the apertures c c and blocks e. The toggle, however, is made ofsuch length as to securely clutch the posts when thus slightly spreadapart, but when the toggle is at the bottom of the posts the postscannot bend and spread as they do farther up because they are rigidlyfixed in the baseplate D, and so the toggle cannot be thrown intoengaging position, at least not without using great force. I have foundthat the toggle may be also enabled to come into locking engagement withthe posts at the bottom without affecting its efficiency farther up onthe posts by simply reducing the posts at their bases on their innersides, so as to increase slightly the distance between them at thispart, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6. This may be done by simply filing awaythe posts or in any other way. I have found also that the toggle may beenabled to clutch the posts at their tops with proper sceurenessbysimply increasing the posts at their tops a very small fraction of aninch along their diameters which run in the direction of the extensionof the toggle-arms, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4. These changes enable thetoggle to properly clutch the posts at any part along their length andadd greatly to the usefulness of the binder. In some cases I may limitthe transverse movement of the toggle in the casingbyarranging thehandpiece G to strike the ends of the sloth in the top of the casing.

hat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In abinder, the combination of two posts of substantially uniformsize throughout the main portion of their length and rigidly c011-nected together at theirbases, a piece having apertures adapting it toslide on the posts, a toggle arranged to clutch the posts against theouter sides of the apertures of the piece, said posts being slightlyreduced at their bases on their inner sides, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

2. In abinder, the combination of two posts of substantially uniformsize throughout the main portion of their length and rigidlyconnectedtogether at theirbases, a piece having apertures adapting it to slide onthe posts, a toggle arranged to clutch the posts against the outer sidesof the apertures of the piece, said posts being slightly reduced attheir bases on their inner sides and slightly enlarged at their upperends along their diameters which run in the direction of the extensionof the toggle-arms, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a hinder, the combination of two posts of substantiallyuniformsize throughout the main portion of their length and rigidly connectedtogether at their bases, a piece having apertures adapting it to slideon the posts, a toggle arranged to clutch the posts against the outersides of the apertures of the piece, said posts being slightly enlargedat their upper ends along their diameters which run in the direction ofthe extension of the toggle-arms, substantially as and for the purposeset forth. 7

t. In a binder, the combination of a pair of posts rigidly connectedtogetherat their bases, apiece formed of one piece of metal into acasing and provided with apertures through its top and bottom adaptingitto slide on the posts, the top of the casing having a transverse slotand the bottom of the casing having an aperture beneath the slot, blocksbetween the top and bottom of the casing and abutting the aperturesthereof, a toggle in the casing and having an aperture through itspintle and arranged to engage the posts, and a removableactuating-handpiece for the toggle passing through the slot in the topof the easing into engagement with the toggle, whereby when thehandpiece is removed a pin may be set in the aperture of the togglespintle and in the aperture in the bottom of the casing to hold thetoggle in engaging position, substantially as and for the purpose setforth.

5. In a binder, the combination of a baseplate carrying a pair of postsrigidly fixed thereto, a casing provided with apertures in its top andbottom adapting it to slide on the posts, a toggle inelosed within thecasing arranged to engage the posts, and blocks be tween the top andbottom of the casing and abutting the said apertures, the block havingextensions on both sides of the apertures to provide guideways for theends of the toggle, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In a binder, the combination of apair of posts rigidly connectedtogether at their bases, a piece provided with apertures for the posts,a toggle working between the posts and arranged to engagethem, thepintle of the toggle having a threaded aperture, and a removableaet-uating-handpiece for the toggle having a threaded stem adapted to bescrewed into the threaded aperture of the pintle, substantially as setforth.

'7. In abinder, the combination of two covers having hinged end pieces aand I), the piece 1) comprising a metal plate having a pair of postsrigidly secured to it, the piece 0. comprising a metal casing providedwith apertures adapting it to slide on the posts, a toggle looselyinelosed within the casing and adapted to engage the posts, and arrangedto pass the dead-center line when in normal ongaging position, thepintle of the toggle having a threaded aperture through it, a removableactuating-handpiece for the toggle having a threaded stem arranged to bescrewed into theaperture of the pintle, the bottom of the casing havingan aperture and the top of the casing having a transverse slot, theremovable handpiece working in the slot and arranged to be screwed downinto the aperture in the bottom of the casing when the toggle is inengaging position, and blocks within the casing and abutting itsapertures, the posts being slightly reduced on their inner sides attheir bases, and slightly enlarged at their upper ends along theirdiameters which run in the direction of the extension of thetoggle-arms, substantially as set forth. In testimony whereof I havesigned my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribingwitnesses.

. HARRY E. DADE. Witnesses:

EDWIN SEGER, I NICHOLAS M. GooDLE'rT, Jr.

